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| Author: | JamesCew [ September 19th, 2017, 3:50 am ] |
| Post subject: | Android App Development |
?Sample essay The remainder of this essay composing tutorial is determined by a short sample 'divorce essay' (about 1,000 words). To finish all in the associated tasks, it is easiest should you have the sample essay in front of you. A major change that has occurred from the Western family is definitely an increased incidence in divorce. Whereas on the past, divorce was a relatively rare occurrence, in recent times it has become particularly commonplace. This change is borne out clearly in census figures. For example thirty years ago in Australia, only one particular marriage in ten ended in divorce; nowadays the figure is even more than a single in three (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1996: p.45). A consequence of this change appears to have been a substantial increase within the selection of one parent families plus the attendant problems that this brings (Kilmartin, 1997). An important issue for sociologists, and indeed for all of society, is why these changes in marital patterns have occurred. On this essay I will seek to critically examine lots of sociological explanations with the 'divorce phenomenon' and also consider the social policy implications that each and every explanation carries with it. It will be argued that the most efficient explanations are to be found inside of a broad socio-economic framework. Just one type of explanation for rising divorce has focused on changes in laws relating to marriage. For example, Bilton, Bonnett and Jones (1987) argue that increased rates of divorce do not necessarily indicate that families are now further unstable. It is achievable, they claim, that there has always been a degree of marital instability. They suggest that changes inside the law have been significant, considering that they have provided unhappily married couples with 'obtain to your legal remedy to pre-existent marital problems' (p.301). Bilton et al. therefore believe that changes in divorce rates tends to be ideal explained in terms of changes on the legal product. The problem with this type of explanation however, is the fact that it does not consider why these laws have changed inside of the 1st put. It could be argued that reforms to family law, at the same time as being the increased rate of divorce that has accompanied them, are the product of much more fundamental changes in society. Another type of explanation is a single that focuses precisely on these broad societal changes. For example, Nicky Hart (cited in Haralambos, 1995) argues that increases in divorce and marital breakdown are the result of economic changes that have affected the family. 1 example of these changes is the raised material aspirations of families, which Hart suggests has put pressure on the two spouses to become wage earners. Women as a result have been forced to become equally homemakers and economic providers. According to Hart, the contradiction of these two roles has lead to conflict and this is the main cause of marital breakdown. It would appear that Hart's explanation cannot account for all cases of divorce - for example, marital breakdown is liable to occur in families where only the husband is working. Nevertheless, her method, which is to relate changes in family relations to broader social forces, would sound to be significantly more probing than one particular that looks only at legislative change. The two explanations described earlier mentioned have very different implications for social policy, mainly in relation to how the problem of increasing marital instability may well be dealt with. Bilton et al. (1995) offer a legal explanation and hence would see the solutions also being determined with this domain. If rises in divorce are thought to be the consequence of liberal divorce laws, the obvious way to stem this rise is to make them less obtainable. This strategy, just one imagines, would lead to some reduction in divorce statistics; however, it cannot really be held up as a genuine option to the problems of marital stress and breakdown in society. Indeed it would look to be a resolution directed far more at symptoms than addressing fundamental causes. Furthermore, the practical knowledge of social workers, working inside area of family welfare suggests that restricting a couple's entry to divorce would in some cases serve only to exacerbate current marital problems (Johnson, 1981). In those cases where violence is involved, the consequences could be tragic. Apart from all this, returning to a little more restrictive divorce laws appears to be a method minor favoured by Australians. (Harrison, 1990). Hart (cited in Haralambos, 1995), crafting from the Marxist-feminist position, traces marital conflict to changes inside the capitalist economic plan and their resultant effect to the roles of men and women. It is difficult to know however, how like an analysis may be translated into practical social policies. This is simply because the Hart program would appear to require within the 1st area a radical restructuring in the economic model. Whilst this may be desirable for some, it seriously isn't achievable inside of the existing political climate. Hart is right however, to suggest that a great deal marital conflict might possibly be linked in some way to the economic circumstances of families. This is borne out in a number of statistical surveys which demonstrate consistently that rates of divorce are higher among socially disadvantaged families (McDonald, 1993). This situation suggests then that social policies must have to be geared to providing service and security for these variations of families. It is minor cause for optimism however, that in recent years governments of all persuasions have demonstrated an increasing reluctance to fund social welfare programs of this kind. It is difficult to offer a comprehensive explanation for that growing trend of marital breakdown; and it is even a lot more difficult to identify solutions that may ameliorate the problems created by it. Clearly though, as I have argued in such a essay, essentially the most useful answers are to be found not within just a narrow legal framework, but in just a broader socio-economic an individual. Finally, it is worth pointing out that, whilst we may appear to be living in the time of increased family instability, research suggests that historically, instability may have been the norm rather than the exception. As Bell and Zajdow (1997) point out, on the past, one parent and step families had been significantly more frequent than is assumed - although the disruptive influence then was not divorce, but the premature death of just one or both of those parents. This situation suggests that in studying the trendy family, one particular needs to employ a historical perspective, such as the possibility of hunting to the past in searching for ways of dealing with problems while in the current. References Australian Bureau of Statistics (1996). Divorces, Australia. Canberra: Australian Government Printing Company. Bell, R. and G. Zajdow (1997) Family and household. In R. Jureidini, S. Kenny and M. Poole (eds). Sociology: Australian Connections. St Leonards. NSW: Allen and Unwin Bilton, T. K. Bonnett and P. Jones (1987). Introductory Sociology. 2nd edition. London: MacMillan. Haralambos, M. (1995). Sociology: Themes and Perspectives. 3rd edition. London: Bell and Hyman. Harrison, M. (1995). Grounds for divorce. Family Matters. No 42 pp 34-35. Johnson, V. (1981). The Last Resort: A Women's Refuge. Ringwood: Penguin. Kilmartin, C. (1997). Children divorce and one-parent families. Family Matters. No. 48. ( Accessible On-line ) McDonald, P. (1993). Family Trends and Structure in Australia. Australian Family Briefings No 3. Melbourne: Australian Institute of Family Studies. buying research papers online |
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